급변하는 우라늄 농축 시장 속 위기와 기회

The global uranium enrichment market has historically exhibited an oligopolistic structure, driven by the sensitivity and exclusivity of enrichment technologies, leading to persistent structural instability within the market. Russia has maintained a dominant position in the enrichment sector; however, in response to the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war, Western countries have been actively seeking to reduce their dependence on Russian-enriched uranium as part of broader sanctions against Russia. These developments have triggered rapid changes in the market structure, presenting both significant challenges and new opportunities for the Republic of Korea, which has relied heavily on international uranium enrichment services. This study examines the current state of the global uranium enrichment market and explores the U.S.-led movement to exclude Russia from the supply chain. It further analyzes the implications of this shift on nuclear fuel assurance, the international nuclear non-proliferation regime, and the potential rise of China as a new key player. Based on these analyses, the study proposes strategic directions for the Republic of Korea to ensure stable access to enriched uranium from a mid- to long-term perspective.